Reproductive performance assessment of indigenous goat breeds under extensive management

Abstract:

In the Central Highlands of Vietnam, indigenous goats are the main livestock asset for ethnic minority households, yet their reproductive potential under traditional free-grazing management is poorly documented. This research tracked reproductive parameters of three indigenous breeds—Black, Bach Thao, and Co—plus their crossbreds across 148 does in eight villages around Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, from January 2022 to December 2023. Bach Thao does had the highest kidding rate (1.84 kids doe^-1 year^-1) and shortest kidding interval (198 days). Co does showed the lowest prolificacy (1.24 kids per litter) but heaviest birth weights (2.03 kg). Crossbreds combined high kidding rate (1.93) with acceptable kid survival (74%). Age at first kidding averaged 10.8 months for Bach Thao versus 12.1 for Co. Kid pre-weaning mortality ranged from 14% (Co) to 26% (crossbred), with pneumonia and nutritional scour as leading causes. These baseline data can guide breed selection and targeted management interventions for smallholder goat production in Vietnam’s uplands.