A systematic review of the effects of fly ash on soil properties, crop productivity and environmental risks in agriculture

Abstract:

Coal-fired thermal power plants remain the primary source of electricity generation in many areas of the developing world, with the resulting fly ash (FA) being one of the largest components of solid waste generated by these plants. Fly ash contains high levels of heavy metals and occasionally contains radioactive elements, making it difficult to dispose of safely and posing questions about environmental pollution, bioaccumulation, and human health risk. This study will examine the risks and potential agronomic benefits of fly ash in order to provide information that can help promote an appropriate balance between environmental safety and the potential for sustainable agricultural applications.